SEMANTIC CHANGES IN UKRAINIAN AND ENGLISH LEXICONS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-POLITICAL PROCESSES

Abstract

The study focuses on the problem of semantic changes in the language that pass against the background of socio-political dynamics. The main field of emergence of new tokens, the realization of their expressive potential and content load is the public discourse. It contributes to the dynamics of functional purpose at the current stage of development of language formations. The purpose of the article is an extended analysis of semantic dynamics in Ukrainian and English vocabulary under the influence of socio-political processes. The study found that the phenomenon of semantic derivation is one of the key evolutionary factors of language. The types of public discourse that influence the semantics of vocabulary are considered: political, media, economic. It has been found that semantic derivation is a multi -level complex process of forming new meanings, characterized by the concomitant dynamics of the semantic structure of the word. It is established that semantic changes under the influence of socio-political dynamics are formed by the influence of extra-linguistic and intra-language factors. The phenomenon of semantic innovations in the aspect of influence on the general lexical-semantic system of language, promotion of its openness and dynamism is considered. It is established that semantic changes are positioned by peculiar markers of the day, while some of them exist for a short time, disappearing in the future or integrating with a passive vocabulary. It is substantiated that non -secantisms can have contextual dependence or be widely used.The study conducted an extended semantic-stylistic analysis of fixed semantic innovations, their stratification was carried out, the mechanisms of their origin and specific functioning in Ukrainian and English vocabulary were substantiated. The results of the study have practical value in the context of the conclusion of vocabulary, clarification of the criteria of semantic-stylistic analysis of the studied, further detailing of the channels of distribution and functioning of semantic innovations.